一、前置知識點 1.1 生產(chǎn)環(huán)境部署K8s集群的兩種方式 kubeadm Kubeadm是一個K8s部署工具,提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join,用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。 二進制包 從github下載發(fā)行版的二進制包,手動部署每個組件,組成Kubernetes集群。
Kubeadm是一個K8s部署工具,提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join,用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。
從github下載發(fā)行版的二進制包,手動部署每個組件,組成Kubernetes集群。
小結(jié):Kubeadm降低部署門檻,但屏蔽了很多細節(jié),遇到問題很難排查。如果想更容易可控,推薦使用二進制包部署Kubernetes集群,雖然手動部署麻煩點,期間可以學習很多工作原理,也利于后期維護。
服務器要求:
軟件環(huán)境:
軟件 | 版本 |
---|---|
操作系統(tǒng) | CentOS7.x_x64 (mini) |
容器引擎 | Docker CE 19 |
Kubernetes | Kubernetes v1.20 |
服務器整體規(guī)劃:
角色 | IP | 組件 |
---|---|---|
k8s-master1 | 192.168.31.71 | kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd, nginx,keepalived |
k8s-master2 | 192.168.31.74 | kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubelet,kube-proxy,docker, nginx,keepalived |
k8s-node1 | 192.168.31.72 | kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd |
k8s-node2 | 192.168.31.73 | kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd |
負載均衡器IP | 192.168.31.88 (VIP) |
須知:考慮到有些朋友電腦配置較低,一次性開四臺機器會跑不動,所以搭建這套K8s高可用集群分兩部分實施,先部署一套單Master架構(gòu)(3臺),再擴容為多Master架構(gòu)(4臺或6臺),順便再熟悉下Master擴容流程。
單Master架構(gòu)圖:
單Master服務器規(guī)劃:
角色 | IP | 組件 |
---|---|---|
k8s-master | 192.168.31.71 | kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,etcd |
k8s-node1 | 192.168.31.72 | kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd |
k8s-node2 | 192.168.31.73 | kubelet,kube-proxy,docker,etcd |
# 關(guān)閉防火墻
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 關(guān)閉selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config # 永久
setenforce 0 # 臨時
# 關(guān)閉swap
swapoff -a # 臨時
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab # 永久
# 根據(jù)規(guī)劃設置主機名
hostnamectl set-hostname
# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.31.71 k8s-master1
192.168.31.72 k8s-node1
192.168.31.73 k8s-node2
EOF
# 將橋接的IPv4流量傳遞到iptables的鏈
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system # 生效
# 時間同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com
Etcd 是一個分布式鍵值存儲系統(tǒng),Kubernetes使用Etcd進行數(shù)據(jù)存儲,所以先準備一個Etcd數(shù)據(jù)庫,為解決Etcd單點故障,應采用集群方式部署,這里使用3臺組建集群,可容忍1臺機器故障,當然,你也可以使用5臺組建集群,可容忍2臺機器故障。
節(jié)點名稱 | IP |
---|---|
etcd-1 | 192.168.31.71 |
etcd-2 | 192.168.31.72 |
etcd-3 | 192.168.31.73 |
注:為了節(jié)省機器,這里與K8s節(jié)點機器復用。也可以獨立于k8s集群之外部署,只要apiserver能連接到就行。|
cfssl是一個開源的證書管理工具,使用json文件生成證書,相比openssl更方便使用。
找任意一臺服務器操作,這里用Master節(jié)點。
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
創(chuàng)建工作目錄:
mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd ~/TLS/etcd
自簽CA:
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"www": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF
生成證書:
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
會生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件。
創(chuàng)建證書申請文件:
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"192.168.31.71",
"192.168.31.72",
"192.168.31.73"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing"
}
]
}
EOF
注:上述文件hosts字段中IP為所有etcd節(jié)點的集群內(nèi)部通信IP,一個都不能少!為了方便后期擴容可以多寫幾個預留的IP。
生成證書:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
會生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。
下載地址: https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
以下在節(jié)點1上操作,為簡化操作,待會將節(jié)點1生成的所有文件拷貝到節(jié)點2和節(jié)點3.
mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.31.71:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF
ETCD_NAME:節(jié)點名稱,集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR:數(shù)據(jù)目錄
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信監(jiān)聽地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客戶端訪問監(jiān)聽地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEERURLS:集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客戶端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群節(jié)點地址
ETCD_INITIALCLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token
ETCD_INITIALCLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的當前狀態(tài),new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
把剛才生成的證書拷貝到配置文件中的路徑:
cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ [email protected]:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
然后在節(jié)點2和節(jié)點3分別修改etcd.conf配置文件中的節(jié)點名稱和當前服務器IP:
vi /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1" # 修改此處,節(jié)點2改為etcd-2,節(jié)點3改為etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此處為當前服務器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此處為當前服務器IP
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2380" # 修改此處為當前服務器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.31.71:2379" # 修改此處為當前服務器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.31.71:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.31.72:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.31.73:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
最后啟動etcd并設置開機啟動,同上。
ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.31.71:2379,https://192.168.31.72:2379,https://192.168.31.73:2379" endpoint health --write-out=table
+----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| ENDPOINT | HEALTH | TOOK | ERROR |
+----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
| https://192.168.31.71:2379 | true | 10.301506ms | |
| https://192.168.31.73:2379 | true | 12.87467ms | |
| https://192.168.31.72:2379 | true | 13.225954ms | |
+----------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
如果輸出上面信息,就說明集群部署成功。
如果有問題第一步先看日志:/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd
這里使用Docker作為容器引擎,也可以換成別的,例如containerd
下載地址: https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.9.tgz
以下在所有節(jié)點操作。這里采用二進制安裝,用yum安裝也一樣。
tar zxvf docker-19.03.9.tgz
mv docker/* /usr/bin
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
mkdir /etc/docker
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
如果你在學習中遇到問題或者文檔有誤可聯(lián)系wsj~ 微信:
XWALY-5
cd ~/TLS/k8s
cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
生成證書:
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
會生成ca.pem和ca-key.pem文件。
創(chuàng)建證書申請文件:
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"192.168.31.71",
"192.168.31.72",
"192.168.31.73",
"192.168.31.88",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
注:上述文件hosts字段中IP為所有Master/LB/VIP IP,一個都不能少!為了方便后期擴容可以多寫幾個預留的IP。
生成證書:
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
會生成server.pem和server-key.pem文件。
下載地址: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.20.md
注:打開鏈接你會發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有很多包,下載一個server包就夠了,包含了Master和Worker Node二進制文件。
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.31.71:2379,https://192.168.31.72:2379,https://192.168.31.73:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.31.71 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.31.71 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--service-account-issuer=api \\
--service-account-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--proxy-client-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--proxy-client-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--requestheader-allowed-names=kubernetes \\
--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra- \\
--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group \\
--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User \\
--enable-aggregator-routing=true \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF
注:上面兩個\ \ 第一個是轉(zhuǎn)義符,第二個是換行符,使用轉(zhuǎn)義符是為了使用EOF保留換行符。
—logtostderr:啟用日志
—-v:日志等級
—log-dir:日志目錄
—etcd-servers:etcd集群地址
—bind-address:監(jiān)聽地址
—secure-port:https安全端口
—advertise-address:集群通告地址
—allow-privileged:啟用授權(quán)
—service-cluster-ip-range:Service虛擬IP地址段
—enable-admission-plugins:準入控制模塊
—authorization-mode:認證授權(quán),啟用RBAC授權(quán)和節(jié)點自管理
—enable-bootstrap-token-auth:啟用TLS bootstrap機制
—token-auth-file:bootstrap token文件
—service-node-port-range:Service nodeport類型默認分配端口范圍
—kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver訪問kubelet客戶端證書
—tls-xxx-file:apiserver https證書
1.20版本必須加的參數(shù):—service-account-issuer,—service-account-signing-key-file
—etcd-xxxfile:連接Etcd集群證書
—audit-log-xxx:審計日志
啟動聚合層相關(guān)配置:—requestheader-client-ca-file,—proxy-client-cert-file,—proxy-client-key-file,—requestheader-allowed-names,—requestheader-extra-headers-prefix,—requestheader-group-headers,—requestheader-username-headers,—enable-aggregator-routing
把剛才生成的證書拷貝到配置文件中的路徑:
cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
TLS Bootstraping:Master apiserver啟用TLS認證后,Node節(jié)點kubelet和kube-proxy要與kube-apiserver進行通信,必須使用CA簽發(fā)的有效證書才可以,當Node節(jié)點很多時,這種客戶端證書頒發(fā)需要大量工作,同樣也會增加集群擴展復雜度。為了簡化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping機制來自動頒發(fā)客戶端證書,kubelet會以一個低權(quán)限用戶自動向apiserver申請證書,kubelet的證書由apiserver動態(tài)簽署。所以強烈建議在Node上使用這種方式,目前主要用于kubelet,kube-proxy還是由我們統(tǒng)一頒發(fā)一個證書。
TLS bootstraping 工作流程:
創(chuàng)建上述配置文件中token文件:
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF
格式:token,用戶名,UID,用戶組
token也可自行生成替換:
head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF
—kubeconfig:連接apiserver配置文件
—leader-elect:當該組件啟動多個時,自動選舉(HA)
—cluster-signing-cert-file/—cluster-signing-key-file:自動為kubelet頒發(fā)證書的CA,與apiserver保持一致
生成kube-controller-manager證書:
# 切換工作目錄
cd ~/TLS/k8s
# 創(chuàng)建證書請求文件
cat > kube-controller-manager-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成證書
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在終端執(zhí)行):
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-controller-manager \
--client-certificate=./kube-controller-manager.pem \
--client-key=./kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-controller-manager \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF
—kubeconfig:連接apiserver配置文件
—leader-elect:當該組件啟動多個時,自動選舉(HA)
生成kube-scheduler證書:
# 切換工作目錄
cd ~/TLS/k8s
# 創(chuàng)建證書請求文件
cat > kube-scheduler-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "system:masters",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成證書
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
生成kubeconfig文件(以下是shell命令,直接在終端執(zhí)行):
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-scheduler \
--client-certificate=./kube-scheduler.pem \
--client-key=./kube-scheduler-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-scheduler \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler
生成kubectl連接集群的證書:
cat > admin-csr.json <
生成kubeconfig文件:
mkdir /root/.kube
KUBE_CONFIG="/root/.kube/config"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials cluster-admin \
--client-certificate=./admin.pem \
--client-key=./admin-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=cluster-admin \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
通過kubectl工具查看當前集群組件狀態(tài):
kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
如上輸出說明Master節(jié)點組件運行正常。
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
如果你在學習中遇到問題或者文檔有誤可聯(lián)系阿良~ 微信: xyz12366699
下面還是在Master Node上操作,即同時作為Worker Node
在所有worker node創(chuàng)建工作目錄:
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
從master節(jié)點拷貝:
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin # 本地拷貝
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-master1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=lizhenliang/pause-amd64:3.0"
EOF
—hostname-override:顯示名稱,集群中唯一
—network-plugin:啟用CNI
—kubeconfig:空路徑,會自動生成,后面用于連接apiserver
—bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次啟動向apiserver申請證書
—config:配置參數(shù)文件
—cert-dir:kubelet證書生成目錄
—pod-infra-container-image:管理Pod網(wǎng)絡容器的鏡像
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: false
webhook:
cacheTTL: 2m0s
enabled: true
x509:
clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem
authorization:
mode: Webhook
webhook:
cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
imagefs.available: 15%
memory.available: 100Mi
nodefs.available: 10%
nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 與token.csv里保持一致
# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
--token=${TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet
# 查看kubelet證書請求
kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A 6m3s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
# 批準申請
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-uCEGPOIiDdlLODKts8J658HrFq9CZ--K6M4G7bjhk8A
# 查看節(jié)點
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master1 NotReady 7s v1.18.3
注:由于網(wǎng)絡插件還沒有部署,節(jié)點會沒有準備就緒 NotReady
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF
cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-master1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF
生成kube-proxy證書:
# 切換工作目錄
cd ~/TLS/k8s
# 創(chuàng)建證書請求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "BeiJing",
"ST": "BeiJing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
# 生成證書
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
生成kubeconfig文件:
KUBE_CONFIG="/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.31.71:6443"
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=./kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=./kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=${KUBE_CONFIG}
cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy
Calico是一個純?nèi)龑拥臄?shù)據(jù)中心網(wǎng)絡方案,是目前Kubernetes主流的網(wǎng)絡方案。
部署Calico:
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
等Calico Pod都Running,節(jié)點也會準備就緒:
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master Ready 37m v1.20.4
應用場景:例如kubectl logs
cat > apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true"
labels:
kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes/proxy
- nodes/stats
- nodes/log
- nodes/spec
- nodes/metrics
- pods/log
verbs:
- "*"
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: system:kube-apiserver
namespace: ""
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet
subjects:
- apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: User
name: kubernetes
EOF
kubectl apply -f apiserver-to-kubelet-rbac.yaml
在Master節(jié)點將Worker Node涉及文件拷貝到新節(jié)點192.168.31.72/73
scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt/
scp -r /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem [email protected]:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
注:這幾個文件是證書申請審批后自動生成的,每個Node不同,必須刪除
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-node1
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet kube-proxy
systemctl enable kubelet kube-proxy
# 查看證書請求
kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro 89s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
# 授權(quán)請求
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4zTjsaVSrhuyhIGqsefxzVoZDCNKei-aE2jyTP81Uro
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master1 Ready 47m v1.20.4
k8s-node1 Ready 6m49s v1.20.4
Node2(192.168.31.73 )節(jié)點同上。記得修改主機名!
kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
# 查看部署
kubectl get pods,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
訪問地址: https://NodeIP:30001
創(chuàng)建service account并綁定默認cluster-admin管理員集群角色:
kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk '/dashboard-admin/{print $1}')
使用輸出的token登錄Dashboard。
CoreDNS用于集群內(nèi)部Service名稱解析。
kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-5ffbfd976d-j6shb 1/1 Running 0 32s
DNS解析測試:
kubectl run -it --rm dns-test --image=busybox:1.28.4 sh
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ # nslookup kubernetes
Server: 10.0.0.2
Address 1: 10.0.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
Name: kubernetes
Address 1: 10.0.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local
解析沒問題。
至此一個單Master集群就搭建完成了!這個環(huán)境就足以滿足學習實驗了,如果你的服務器配置較高,可繼續(xù)擴容多Master集群!
Kubernetes作為容器集群系統(tǒng),通過健康檢查+重啟策略實現(xiàn)了Pod故障自我修復能力,通過調(diào)度算法實現(xiàn)將Pod分布式部署,并保持預期副本數(shù),根據(jù)Node失效狀態(tài)自動在其他Node拉起Pod,實現(xiàn)了應用層的高可用性。
針對Kubernetes集群,高可用性還應包含以下兩個層面的考慮:Etcd數(shù)據(jù)庫的高可用性和Kubernetes Master組件的高可用性。 而Etcd我們已經(jīng)采用3個節(jié)點組建集群實現(xiàn)高可用,本節(jié)將對Master節(jié)點高可用進行說明和實施。
Master節(jié)點扮演著總控中心的角色,通過不斷與工作節(jié)點上的Kubelet和kube-proxy進行通信來維護整個集群的健康工作狀態(tài)。如果Master節(jié)點故障,將無法使用kubectl工具或者API做任何集群管理。
Master節(jié)點主要有三個服務kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager和kube-scheduler,其中kube-controller-manager和kube-scheduler組件自身通過選擇機制已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了高可用,所以Master高可用主要針對kube-apiserver組件,而該組件是以HTTP API提供服務,因此對他高可用與Web服務器類似,增加負載均衡器對其負載均衡即可,并且可水平擴容。
多Master架構(gòu)圖:
現(xiàn)在需要再增加一臺新服務器,作為Master2 Node,IP是192.168.31.74。
為了節(jié)省資源你也可以將之前部署好的Worker Node1復用為Master2 Node角色(即部署Master組件)
Master2 與已部署的Master1所有操作一致。所以我們只需將Master1所有K8s文件拷貝過來,再修改下服務器IP和主機名啟動即可。
scp /usr/bin/docker* [email protected]:/usr/bin
scp /usr/bin/runc [email protected]:/usr/bin
scp /usr/bin/containerd* [email protected]:/usr/bin
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp -r /etc/docker [email protected]:/etc
# 在Master2啟動Docker
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
在Master2創(chuàng)建etcd證書目錄:
mkdir -p /opt/etcd/ssl
拷貝Master1上所有K8s文件和etcd證書到Master2:
scp -r /opt/kubernetes [email protected]:/opt
scp -r /opt/etcd/ssl [email protected]:/opt/etcd
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube* [email protected]:/usr/lib/systemd/system
scp /usr/bin/kubectl [email protected]:/usr/bin
scp -r ~/.kube [email protected]:~
刪除kubelet證書和kubeconfig文件:
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
rm -f /opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubelet*
修改apiserver、kubelet和kube-proxy配置文件為本地IP:
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
...
--bind-address=192.168.31.74 \
--advertise-address=192.168.31.74 \
...
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
--hostname-override=k8s-master2
vi /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml
hostnameOverride: k8s-master2
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubelet kube-proxy
vi ~/.kube/config
...
server: https://192.168.31.74:6443
kubectl get cs
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
scheduler Healthy ok
controller-manager Healthy ok
etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
# 查看證書請求
kubectl get csr
NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-JYNknakEa_YpHz797oKaN-ZTk43nD51Zc9CJkBLcASU 85m kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending
# 授權(quán)請求
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-JYNknakEa_YpHz797oKaN-ZTk43nD51Zc9CJkBLcASU
# 查看Node
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master1 Ready 34h v1.20.4
k8s-master2 Ready 2m v1.20.4
k8s-node1 Ready 33h v1.20.4
k8s-node2 Ready 33h v1.20.4
如果你在學習中遇到問題或者文檔有誤可聯(lián)系wsj~ 微信:
XWALY-5
kube-apiserver高可用架構(gòu)圖:
Nginx是一個主流Web服務和反向代理服務器,這里用四層實現(xiàn)對apiserver實現(xiàn)負載均衡。
Keepalived是一個主流高可用軟件,基于VIP綁定實現(xiàn)服務器雙機熱備,在上述拓撲中,Keepalived主要根據(jù)Nginx運行狀態(tài)判斷是否需要故障轉(zhuǎn)移(漂移VIP),例如當Nginx主節(jié)點掛掉,VIP會自動綁定在Nginx備節(jié)點,從而保證VIP一直可用,實現(xiàn)Nginx高可用。
注1:為了節(jié)省機器,這里與K8s Master節(jié)點機器復用。也可以獨立于k8s集群之外部署,只要nginx與apiserver能通信就行。
注2:如果你是在公有云上,一般都不支持keepalived,那么你可以直接用它們的負載均衡器產(chǎn)品,直接負載均衡多臺Master kube-apiserver,架構(gòu)與上面一樣。
在兩臺Master節(jié)點操作。
yum install epel-release -y
yum install nginx keepalived -y
cat > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf << "EOF"
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
# 四層負載均衡,為兩臺Master apiserver組件提供負載均衡
stream {
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log main;
upstream k8s-apiserver {
server 192.168.31.71:6443; # Master1 APISERVER IP:PORT
server 192.168.31.72:6443; # Master2 APISERVER IP:PORT
}
server {
listen 16443; # 由于nginx與master節(jié)點復用,這個監(jiān)聽端口不能是6443,否則會沖突
proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
}
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
server_name _;
location / {
}
}
}
EOF
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id NGINX_MASTER
}
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33 # 修改為實際網(wǎng)卡名
virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID實例,每個實例是唯一的
priority 100 # 優(yōu)先級,備服務器設置 90
advert_int 1 # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告間隔時間,默認1秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
# 虛擬IP
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.31.88/24
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}
EOF
vrrp_script:指定檢查nginx工作狀態(tài)腳本(根據(jù)nginx狀態(tài)判斷是否故障轉(zhuǎn)移)
virtual_ipaddress:虛擬IP(VIP)
準備上述配置文件中檢查nginx運行狀態(tài)的腳本:
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 16443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
EOF
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf << EOF
global_defs {
notification_email {
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id NGINX_BACKUP
}
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID實例,每個實例是唯一的
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.31.88/24
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}
EOF
準備上述配置文件中檢查nginx運行狀態(tài)的腳本:
cat > /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh << "EOF"
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ss -antp |grep 16443 |egrep -cv "grep|$$")
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
exit 1
else
exit 0
fi
EOF
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
注:keepalived根據(jù)腳本返回狀態(tài)碼(0為工作正常,非0不正常)判斷是否故障轉(zhuǎn)移。
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx keepalived
systemctl enable nginx keepalived
ip addr
1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:04:f7:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.31.80/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 192.168.31.88/24 scope global secondary ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe04:f72c/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
可以看到,在ens33網(wǎng)卡綁定了192.168.31.88 虛擬IP,說明工作正常。
關(guān)閉主節(jié)點Nginx,測試VIP是否漂移到備節(jié)點服務器。
在Nginx Master執(zhí)行 pkill nginx;
在Nginx Backup,ip addr命令查看已成功綁定VIP。
找K8s集群中任意一個節(jié)點,使用curl查看K8s版本測試,使用VIP訪問:
curl -k https://192.168.31.88:16443/version
{
"major": "1",
"minor": "20",
"gitVersion": "v1.20.4",
"gitCommit": "e87da0bd6e03ec3fea7933c4b5263d151aafd07c",
"gitTreeState": "clean",
"buildDate": "2021-02-18T16:03:00Z",
"goVersion": "go1.15.8",
"compiler": "gc",
"platform": "linux/amd64"
}
可以正確獲取到K8s版本信息,說明負載均衡器搭建正常。該請求數(shù)據(jù)流程:curl -> vip(nginx) -> apiserver
通過查看Nginx日志也可以看到轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)apiserver IP:
tail /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log -f
192.168.31.71 192.168.31.71:6443 - [02/Apr/2021:19:17:57 +0800] 200 423
192.168.31.71 192.168.31.72:6443 - [02/Apr/2021:19:18:50 +0800] 200 423
到此還沒結(jié)束,還有下面最關(guān)鍵的一步。
試想下,雖然我們增加了Master2 Node和負載均衡器,但是我們是從單Master架構(gòu)擴容的,也就是說目前所有的Worker Node組件連接都還是Master1 Node,如果不改為連接VIP走負載均衡器,那么Master還是單點故障。
因此接下來就是要改所有Worker Node(kubectl get node命令查看到的節(jié)點)組件配置文件,由原來192.168.31.71修改為192.168.31.88(VIP)。
在所有Worker Node執(zhí)行:
sed -i 's#192.168.31.71:6443#192.168.31.88:16443#' /opt/kubernetes/cfg/*
systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy
檢查節(jié)點狀態(tài):
kubectl get node
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master1 Ready 32d v1.20.4
k8s-master2 Ready 10m v1.20.4
k8s-node1 Ready 31d v1.20.4
k8s-node2 Ready 31d v1.20.4
至此,一套完整的 Kubernetes 高可用集群就部署完成了!
本站所有軟件,都由網(wǎng)友上傳,如有侵犯你的版權(quán),請發(fā)郵件[email protected]
湘ICP備2022002427號-10 湘公網(wǎng)安備:43070202000427號© 2013~2025 haote.com 好特網(wǎng)